How does income tax work?

The government collects taxes based on how much money you make but in steps. You pay the least amount at the lowest step, and with each step your income increases, you pay higher taxes for that next chunk of income. For example, if you’re single you pay 10% for your first $10k in income, 12% for your income from $10k to $40k, and 22% for your income from $40k to $86k…

More info: Your Tax Bracket Explained